Solution:

"As this is a very difficult puzzle, I thought it would help if I asked a simple question: What is one plus one?"

Solution:

A) Fill 5 ml gallon ( 5mlGallon - 5, 3mlGallon - 0)
B) Transfer to 3 ml gallon (5mlGallon - 2, 3mlGallon - 3)
C) Empty 3 ml gallon ( 5mlGallon - 2, 3mlGallon - 0)
D) Transfer 2 ml from 5 ml gallon to 3 ml gallon (5mlGallon - 0, 3mlGallon - 2)
E) Fill 5 ml gallon(5mlGallon - 5, 3mlGallon - 2)
F) Transfer 1 ml from 5 ml gallon to 3 ml gallons(5mlGallon - 4, 3mlGallon - 3)

Solution:

12 steps:

Steps 11 Liter jug 6 Liter Jug
1. 11 -
2. 5 6
3. 5 0
4. 0 5
5. 11 5
6. 10 6
7. 10 0
8. 4 6
9. 4 0
10. 0 4
11. 11 4
12. 9 6 ==> i found 9 liter in 11liter jug(as required)

Solution:

36 meters.

100/v1 = 80/v2
100/v2 = 80/v3

20+(20/v2)*v3=20+16 = 36

Solution:

45 minutes

Explanation :
All you have to do is burn the first rope from both the ends and the second rope from one end only simultaneously. The first rope will burn in 30 minutes (half of an hour since we burned from both sides) while the other rope would have burnt half. At this moment, light the second rope from the other end as well. Where, the second rope would have taken half an hour more to burn completely, it will take just 15 minutes as we have lit it from the other end too.

Thus you have successfully calculated 30+15 = 45 minutes with the help of the two given ropes.

Solution:

0%

Explanation:
1) why cant be 1/4 : If the answer is 1/4, then as we know two out of four answer choices is '1/4', the answer has be 1/2.
This is a contradiction, so the answer cannot be 1/4.

2) why cant be 1/2 : If the answer is 1/2 then because answer:"1/2" is 1 out of 4 answer choices, the answer must be 1/4. This is also a contradiction. So the answer cannot be 1/2.

3) why cant be 1 : If the answer is 1 then because answer:"1" is 1 out of 4 answer choices, the answer must be 1/4. Again the same contradiction and therefore answer cannot be 1.

Solution:

146900

Explanation:
Whenever you face such type of questions, it is wise to begin from the last thing. Here in this question the last thing will be the 9th temple. He climbed down 100 steps and thus you know, he had Rs. 100 before beginning climbing down. Thus, he must have offered Rs. 100 to the god in that temple too (he offered half of the total amount). Also, he must have dropped Rs. 100 while climbing the steps of the ninth temple. This means that he had Rs. 300 before he begand climbing the steps of the ninth temple.

Now, we will calculate in the similar manner for each of the temples backwards.
Before the devotee climbed the eight temple: (300+100)*2 + 100 = 900
Before the devotee climbed the seventh temple: (900+100)*2 + 100 = 2100
Before the devotee climbed the Sixth temple: (2100+100)*2 + 100 = 4300
Before the devotee climbed the fifth temple: (4300+100)*2 + 100 = 8900
Before the devotee climbed the fourth temple: (8900+100)*2 + 100 = 18100
Before the devotee climbed the third temple: (18100+100)*2 + 100 = 36,500
Before the devotee climbed the second temple: (36500+100)*2 + 100 = 73300
Before the devotee climbed the first temple: (73300+100)*2 + 100 = 146900

Therefore, the devotee had Rs. 146900 with him initially.

Solution:

If you see the picture, they formed a pentagonal shape and achieved the required.

Solution:

Since the knife was in her hand which implies that she was planning to kill her husband "Inspector Montalbano".

Solution:

9

Explanation:
2 < 3 < 5
To find out the required number of candies, take one in place of the least number (i.e. take one mango candy) and then add all the greater numbers (i.e. three strawberry and five pineapple candies) to it.

Required number of balls = 1 + 3 + 5 = 9.

Solution:

23rd day

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 + 11 + 12 + 13 + 14 + 15 + 16 + 17 + 18 + 19 + 20 + 21 + 22 + 23 = 276

Thus our anniversary falls on the 23rd day of the month.

You can apply other formulas to shorten the process but that is the simplest way to do it.