Solution:

We can calculate out how many days there will be for the 13th on each month if we count from the beginning of the year (January 1). Then we divide total days by 7 to get the remainders. We also need to consider the leap year. Through the whole year we had all kinds of remainders, from 0 to 6. The minimum of occurence for all the unique remainders was 1. It means that we have at least one Friday on 13th. In a regular year, the best chance you can get 3 Fridays on 13th, which are in February, March and December because the remainders of these 3 months are 2. In a leap year, the best chance you also can get 3 Fridays on 13th, which are in January, April and July because the remainders of these 3 months are 6.

Solution:

Throw the ball straight up in the air.

Solution:

Only twenty-three people need be in the room, a surprisingly small number. The probability that there will not be two matching birthdays is then, ignoring leap years, 365x364x363x...x343/365 over 23 which is approximately 0.493. this is less than half, and therefore the probability that a pair occurs is greater than 50-50. With as few as fourteen people in the room the chances are better than 50-50 that a pair will have birthdays on the same day or on consecutive days.

Solution:

A man, who crawls on all fours as a baby, walks on two legs as an adult, and walks with a cane in old age.

Of course morning, noon, and night are metaphors for the times in a man's (person's) life. Such metaphors are common in riddles. There were two Thebes, apparently this Thebes was the one in Greece. And this Sphinx was apparently not the one at Giza, in Egypt.

Solution:

three positive numbers are 1 2 & 3

1 x 2 x 3 = 6
1 + 2 + 3 = 6

Solution:

The peahen lays eggs

Solution:

An Echo

Solution:

When you mix bleach and ammonia [found in most cleaning products] it creates a deadly gas that can kill.

Solution:

Cold

Solution:

Forty.

The number of decks is irrelevant; the answer is the same if one or one-hundred decks are used.

Any card drawn will be a A,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,J,Q, or K, so there are 13 possibilities each time a card is drawn.

The fastest way to draw a four of a kind is if the first four cards all have the same 'value.' The slowest way, which provides the solution, is to first draw 13 three of a kinds, and then one more card.

Since 13 x 3 + 1 = 40, if 40 cards are drawn it is guaranteed that those forty cards contain at least one four of a kind.