Solution:

The best way is to divide the batteries in three groups. Take three batteries in two groups each and two batteries in the third group.

In the groups with three batteries, you can have three possible combinations in each group. In the group with two batteries, you can have just one possible combination.

If you add the combinations: 3 + 3 + 1 = 7, you get the least number of pairs you must check.

Solution:

Impossible

Explanation:
Let us first denote everything with variables.
d= distance to your friend's place
T = time taken to get there
t = time required to get back
R = Speed while returning back

d = 20T
T = d/20

d = Rt
t = d/R

We have made equations for T and t and now we can derive an equation for the round trip.

2d = 40(T + t)
2d = 40(d/20 + d/R)
2d = 40d(1/20 + 1/R)
1 = 20(R/20R + 20/20R)
20R = 20(R+20)
R = R + 20

Do you see the paradox here? You literally have to travel back at an infinite speed if you want to make the average speed of your trip 40 mph. The faster return speed will have lesser impact of the average speed but consider that the quicker your return trip is, the faster you will make it.

We are talking about travelling double the distance in the same time that was taken for one way trip. Thus, if you travel at infinite speed, you will be able to attain an average of 40 mph.

Solution:

43

Explanation:
Here is the thing. You can buy any number of wings that can be divided evenly by three except for three by using the combinations of boxes of 6 and boxes of 9. (You must use at most the box of 9 and then multiple boxes of 6). Now, if there is a number that can't be divided by 3, use a box of 20. After purchasing the box of 20, if the number that remains is divisible by 3, then you are good to go. On the other hand if it is not, you will have to use a second box of 20. And the remaining number will definitely be divisible by 3.

Thus if we calculate the largest number that can't be bought is the one that requires two 20 pieces boxes before the remainder can be thinned down to a number divisible by 3. We know that 3 is the number that can't be purchased and can evenly be divisible, the largest possible number of wings that can't be bought are:
3 + 20 + 20 = 43.

Solution:

Exactly 60 triangles are present in this picture.

Solution:

4%

Explanation:
Suppose that the initial volume of the water drop was p.

p - (1/4) p = (3/4) p

(3/4) p - (1/5) [(3/4) p] = (3/4) p * [1 - (1/5)] = (3/4) p * (4/5) = (3/5) p

(3/75) p = (1/25) p

1/25 = 4%

Therefore, the required percentage is four percent.

Solution:

The figure comprises of 92 triangles.

Solution:

76

Solution:

Feeling on top of the World

Solution:

Let us denote the four people with A, B, C and D.
A takes 1 minute to cross, B takes 2, C takes 5 and D takes 10.

A and B cross first spending 2 minutes.
A comes back with torch taking 1 minute.
C and D cross taking 10 minutes.
B comes back with torch taking 2 minutes.
Finally, A and B cross the bridge taking 2 minutes.

2 + 1 + 10 + 2 + 2 = 17 minutes

Thus, this is the way they all managed to cross that bridge that night.

Solution:

29

Explanation:
If you look closely, you will find that the center number can be obtained by multiplying the largest numbers on the corners and subtracting the smallest number from it.

26 = 7 * 5 – 3^2

In the same manner, every other figure follows. Thus the missing number:
9 * 5 – 4^2
= 45 – 16
= 29