Solution:

Did you concentrate on the point that it was a ping pong ball? Also that you have a water bottle with you. We never mentioned that it was empty. So what you will do is simply empty it in the narrow pipe and the ball will come up floating on the water. All the other things that were mentioned served just as distractions and if you were not able to find a way, they all worked quite well.

Solution:

16/81

Explanation:
It is a question of geometric progression but we can solve it step by step as well in case you are not aware of the formula.

At first bounce
The height at which the ball would have reached = 2/3 of the original height from which it was dropped.

At second bounce
The height at which the ball would have reached = 2/3 * 2/3 of the original height from which it was dropped.

At third bounce
The height at which the ball would have reached = 2/3 * 2/3 * 2/3 of the original height from which it was dropped.

At fourth bounce
The height at which the ball would have reached = 2/3 * 2/3 * 2/3 * 2/3 of the original height from which it was dropped.

Now, 2/3 * 2/3 * 2/3 * 2/3 = 16/81

Therefore, 16/81 of the original height from which the ball was dropped is the required fraction height.

Solution:

76

Solution:

Nothing is the name of a boat that has been lying docked up to one corner of the island. You found it first and then the torn pieces of paper reviled a map that can be used to navigate while driving that ship. Thus using them, you will be able to make an escape.

Solution:

Picture D.

Explanation:
Since the number of black dots are increasing in picture D, so it can be only solution.

Solution:

Feeling on top of the World

Solution:

180

2 + 2 = 4 {2 * 2 * 1}
3 + 3 = 18 {3 * 3 * 2}
4 + 4 = 48 {4 * 4 * 3}
6 + 6 = 180 {6 * 6 * 5}

Solution:

I have just two tee shirts neither of which are green, blue or orange in color.

Solution:

If you see the picture, you can find out seven squares - five 1x1, one 2x2 and one 3x3. See the dotted lines and the black matchsticks to know how we have moved the matchsticks.

Solution:

Let us denote the four people with A, B, C and D.
A takes 1 minute to cross, B takes 2, C takes 5 and D takes 10.

A and B cross first spending 2 minutes.
A comes back with torch taking 1 minute.
C and D cross taking 10 minutes.
B comes back with torch taking 2 minutes.
Finally, A and B cross the bridge taking 2 minutes.

2 + 1 + 10 + 2 + 2 = 17 minutes

Thus, this is the way they all managed to cross that bridge that night.