Solution:

The matchsticks that are marked with red are to be removed and the final figure will have just two squares. You can remove either pair from the possible four ways.

Solution:

The guard and the prisoner cross the river
The guard comes back
The guard and the girl cross the river.
The guard and the prisoner comes back.
The mother and the girl cross the river.
Mother comes back
The mother and the father cross the river
Father comes back
The guard and the prisoner cross the river
Mother comes back
The father and the mother cross the river
Father comes back
The father and the boy cross the river
The guard and the prisoner comes back
The guard and the boy cross the river
The guard comes back
The guard and the prisoner cross the river.

Solution:

The attached picture shows you how you can do it. If you were able to deduce any other way, feel free to comment.

Solution:

It can be done as shown in the picture below.

Solution:

2 cakes

At each toll bridge you are required to give half of your cakes, and you receive one back. Which leaves you with 2 cakes after every bridge.

Solution:

A Spider

Solution:

It can be solved as below.

Solution:

The woman started walking across the bridge when the guard was inside the hut. She walked all the time he was inside (5 minutes) and then turned and moved back towards the kingdom. On approaching the kingdom he was asked for papers and since she did not have any, she was sent back.

Solution:

"World War I" was named after after "World War II"

Solution:

Four

As the window was closed it is obvious that the six candles that were not extinguished were lit till they melted away entirely. Thus only four candles that were extinguished remain at the end.

Solution:

From top to bottom, the flavors are :

nutty-chocolate
peppermint
orange
Jamaica
walnut