Solution:

Consider the fact that both Andy and Brian can make independent decisions. Thus we will have to apply Intersection here. First let us calculate their individual probability.

Probability of Andy speaking truth = 80/100 = 0.8
Probability of Brian speaking truth = 60/100 = 0.6

Probability of Andy Intersection Probability of Brian = 0.8 * 0.6 = 0.48

Solution:

23rd day

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 + 11 + 12 + 13 + 14 + 15 + 16 + 17 + 18 + 19 + 20 + 21 + 22 + 23 = 276

Thus our anniversary falls on the 23rd day of the month.

You can apply other formulas to shorten the process but that is the simplest way to do it.

Solution:

Steps:
1) Light fire on first bar from both the ends and second bar from one end.

2) After 30 seconds(when first bar gets completely burned out) , burn the second bar from second end as well.

3) When second run completely gets burned , you know its 45 seconds.

Solution:

99 matches.

The number of matches will always sum up to one less than the number of players in a knock out tournament. You may calculate it in any manner. Thus 99 matches were played.

Solution:

146900

Explanation:
Whenever you face such type of questions, it is wise to begin from the last thing. Here in this question the last thing will be the 9th temple. He climbed down 100 steps and thus you know, he had Rs. 100 before beginning climbing down. Thus, he must have offered Rs. 100 to the god in that temple too (he offered half of the total amount). Also, he must have dropped Rs. 100 while climbing the steps of the ninth temple. This means that he had Rs. 300 before he begand climbing the steps of the ninth temple.

Now, we will calculate in the similar manner for each of the temples backwards.
Before the devotee climbed the eight temple: (300+100)*2 + 100 = 900
Before the devotee climbed the seventh temple: (900+100)*2 + 100 = 2100
Before the devotee climbed the Sixth temple: (2100+100)*2 + 100 = 4300
Before the devotee climbed the fifth temple: (4300+100)*2 + 100 = 8900
Before the devotee climbed the fourth temple: (8900+100)*2 + 100 = 18100
Before the devotee climbed the third temple: (18100+100)*2 + 100 = 36,500
Before the devotee climbed the second temple: (36500+100)*2 + 100 = 73300
Before the devotee climbed the first temple: (73300+100)*2 + 100 = 146900

Therefore, the devotee had Rs. 146900 with him initially.

Solution:

2 degree below zero

Solution:

Sansa has the siamese (conjoined) twin sister.

Solution:

Both will rotate at Same speed.

Explanation:
Gears of the same size will always rotate at constant speeds despite any smaller or larger gears in between them.

Solution:

At each draw, the number of strawberry candies are either decreasing by 2 or not decreasing at all. In the case of orange candies, at each draw, they are either increasing by 1 or decreasing by 1.

Thus on an assumed outset with at least one candy in the jar to begin with, if the number of strawberry candies are 0 or are even in numbers, they will finish off leaving an orange candy at the end. If otherwise, the remaining candy will be a strawberry one.

Solution:

8 liters jar: 8; 5 liters jar: 0; 3 liters jar: 0
Fill 5 liters jar entirely.
8 liters jar: 3; 5 liters jar: 5; 3 liters jar: 0
Fill 3 liters jar with 5 liters jar.
8 liters jar: 3; 5 liters jar: 2; 3 liters jar: 3
Pour entirely from 3 liters jar to 8 liters jar.
8 liters jar: 6; 5 liters jar: 2; 3 liters jar: 0
Pour entirely from 5 liters jar to 3 liters jar.
8 liters jar: 6; 5 liters jar: 0; 3 liters jar: 2
Fill 5 liters jar with water from 8 liters jar.
8 liters jar: 1; 5 liters jar: 5; 3 liters jar: 2
Fill the 3 liters jar with water from the 5 liters jar.
8 liters jar: 1; 5 liters jar: 4; 3 liters jar: 3
Empty 3 liters jar in 8 liters jar.
8 liters jar: 4; 5 liters jar: 4; 3 liters jar: 0

Now you have 4 liters of water in 8 liters jar as well as 5 liters jar.

Solution:

36 meters.

100/v1 = 80/v2
100/v2 = 80/v3

20+(20/v2)*v3=20+16 = 36