Solution:

The number 20 fits in place of question mark.

This is because (number in first column) / (number in second column) * 8 = number in third column.

Here (left number / middle number) * 8 = right number
E.g. (35 / 20) * 8 = (7/4) * 8 = 7 x 2 = 14
The same process can be used to find out the missing digit.

Solution:

Girl

Explanation:
In the House P:
There can be three possibilities.
Older Younger
Boy Girl
Girl Boy
Boy Boy
Since a boy is mentioned, we can't have a Girl-Girl option. Now all these options are equally possible and thus we will take them all into account. Two of the outcome have girls as an option and thus the probability here will be 2/3.

In the House Q:
We know that the elder child is a boy and thus there can be only two possibilities:
Older Younger
Boy Girl
Boy Boy

Here, the probability of having a girl child will be 1/2.

Thus you must choose the house P as we have better probability of having a girl in that house.

Solution:

You can see how we did that in the given picture. The idea is to covert the boundaries first and then move to inner squares. If you have another solution, you can send us that or comment with it below.

Solution:

In the picture you can see which matchsticks we have moved.

Solution:

The murderer is Jack.

Christopher is the seer so exclude him.
Now, if Danny was murderer, then Garry should have been killed.
Now we know that Garry was blocked. Therefore he cannot be the murderer.
Harry can't be the killer as he was killed himself.
This leaves with Jack.

Solution:

The sword could not have the words 'World War I' engraved on it. At that time, only one world war had taken place. No one knew that a second was to happen in future. Thus if it was engraved, the mention of the number was impossible.

Solution:

The figure shows how we have done it. If you have any other idea in mind, feel free to comment below.

Solution:

The three numbers are:
-3, -1 and 1.

Solution:

Take both the ropes. Now light the first rope from both the ends. Light the second rope from just one end. In thirty minutes, the first rope will burn fully. At this point of time, the second rope will be left exactly half and you have to light it from the second end now. It will take half of the actual time (thirty minutes) to burn now i.e. fifteen minute.

Thirty Minutes + Fifteen minutes = Forty Minutes

Solution:

4

Explanation:
5 = Five (four letters) => 4
7 = Seven (five letters) => 5
10 = Ten (three letters) => 3
3 = Three (five letters) => 5

Therefore, 9 = Nine (four letters) => 4.

Therefore the missing number is 4.