Solution:

12,345,678,987,654,321

(its amazing and awesome)

Solution:

40 balls

Solution:

1,2, & 3

1 x 2 x 3 = 6 and 1 + 2 + 3 = 6

Solution:

Just 2

Day One: You make your first cut at the 1/7th mark and give that to the worker.
Day Two: You cut 2/7ths and pay that to the worker and receive the original 1/7th in change.
Day three: You give the worker the 1/7th you received as change on the previous day.
Day four: You give the worker 4/7ths and he returns his 1/7th cut and his 2/7th cut as change.
Day Five: You give the worker back the 1/7th cut of gold.
Day Six: You give the worker the 2/7th cut and receive the 1/7th cut back in change.
Day Seven: You pay the worker his final 1/7th.

Solution:

2-3
3-4
7-8
9-10

Solution:

7, 4, 6, 5, 8

Solution:

3

The total sum is always 17.

Solution:

9

4x + 21 = 57
4x = 36
x = 9

Solution:

30

Explanation:
As you can see the lower number rows are always bigger than upper row ones with the difference going up by 3 with every step

34 - 32 = 2
32 - 27 = 5 (difference going up by 3 from last difference)
56 - 48 = 8 (difference going up by 3 from last difference)
? - 19 = 11 (difference going up by 3 from last difference)
so ? = 30

Solution:

There are multiple solutions to the brain teaser.

1) 11+13+3! = 30
2) 11.5+5.5+13 = 30
3) 11+13+6(rotating 9)... my favorite.