Solution:

The Letter 'A' is silent in the parliament.

Solution:

Draw a tilted line on 1st plus (+) operator, + will become 4 :-)
The equation then becomes true: 545+5=550.

Solution:

888+88+8+8+8=1000

Solution:

A and W.

The letters are the first letters of the words in the question. Thus, the next two letters are A and W.

Solution:

2100 miles.

Each vowel equivalent to 500 and each consonant equivalent to -200

Solution:

They're both in the middle of wa'T'er

Solution:

888 + 88 + 8 + 8 + 8 = 1000

Solution:

41312432

Solution:

Each word rhymes with its numeric position in the list. (e.g. 'gun' rhymes with 'one', etc.)

Solution:

Very large hands.