Solution:

The prisoner picks a marble and without showing it to anyone swallows it and then picks the remaining marble and shows to everyone which was black which proved the first marble prisoner pick must be white.
The Mad King has no option but to let the prisoner go.

Solution:

One Night Stand.

Explanation:
Number 'One' + Knight(chess piece) + st + and(symbol &)

Solution:

192

Explanation:
I started with the number 192.
Adding the reversed 291 to 192 gave me 483.
Similarly,
483 + 384 = 867
867 + 768 = 1635
1635 + 5361 = 6996

Solution:

Jamie is a window cleaner who was tired after cleaning the windows on the 45th floor and thus leaped inside the building.

Solution:

TIF56

Explanation:
The password is formed as:
T (5th letter of Shruti)
I (5th letter of Arshika)
F(1st letter of Friday)
5(5th day of week)
6(Length of Friday)

Similarly, we will pick the 1st letter for Monday and 3rd letter for Wednesday.

Solution:

The man asked the king that he wanted to die of old age.

Solution:

31

Explanation:
Ramanujan lighting the candles in binary.
11110 =30
11111 =31

Solution:

The figure tells that B is located to the North-East of E.

Solution:

There are two things to keep in mind:
Firstly there is at least one red hat. (There can be two or three as well).
Secondly the competition is fair for everyone.

Thus if there is only one red hat, that person will see two green hats on other heads and will be able to deduce his own color as red. However the other students will see one red and one green hat and can never be sure. In such manner, the competition will prove to be partial for one student.

Suppose if there are two red hats. Then the students who are wearing red hats will see one red and one green hat on others. Now they must have deduced that there can’t be just one red hat. Thus they will know that they are also wearing a red hat. But the one who is wearing a green hat will see two red hats and can never be sure of his own color. In this case as well, the competition will not be fair.

Thus the only possible and fair means is if all of them are wearing a red hat. The one who is able to deduce the situation first, will raise his hand and will tell the correct answer.

Solution:

To do it, the marbles must be arranged as the vertices of an octahedron. If you are unsure, check the image below.

Solution:

Zouma is 3 and has two footballs.
Ake is 1 and has one football.
Kalas is 4 and has three footballs.
Aina is 2 and has four footballs.