Solution:

10

38 Sheeps = 30 ate sheeps (30 ate sounds like 38)
There's 40 Lions in a field, 30 ate Sheeps

So if you do simple maths 40 - 30 = 10
the answer is 10

Solution:

28 =>1+2+4+7+14

cannot be 1 (as number cannot be included)

Solution:

12 steps:

Steps 11 Liter jug 6 Liter Jug
1. 11 -
2. 5 6
3. 5 0
4. 0 5
5. 11 5
6. 10 6
7. 10 0
8. 4 6
9. 4 0
10. 0 4
11. 11 4
12. 9 6 ==> i found 9 liter in 11liter jug(as required)

Solution:

Flyball should pay Lavy $11 instead of accepting his counter offer as in that case the club will end up paying almost double the amount.

Solution:

The numbers that have been written over the calendar are:
12, 4, 8 and 3

A few numbers have been circled under particular months. The curious thing is that the numbers that have been written are the same number of corresponding months under which the dates have been marked.

What we can judge by the overall calendar is that the dates that have been marked may refer to the letters at that position in the month's name. In addition, the written numbers can be the position of those letters. Let's simplify below:

12th month is December
The number marked under December = 5
The fifth letter of December = M

4th month is April
The number marked under April = 4
The fourth letter of April = I

8th month is August
The number marked under August is 6
The sixth letter of August = T

3rd month is March
The numbers marked under March are 4 and 5
The fourth and fifth letter of March = C and H

When you combine the letters, you get the name as MITCH.
Therefore, Mitch is the killer.

Solution:

   9567
+ 1085
======
 10652

Solution:

The Winchester brothers - sam and dean

Solution:

The Lady sitting in the chair has the detector attached to the back of her blouse.

Solution:

41312432

Solution:

The check was for dollars 31.63.

The bank teller gave her dollars 63.31
She spent .05, and then she had dollars 63.26, which is twice the check.

Let x be the dollars of the check, and y be the cent.

The check was for 100x + y cent
He was given 100y + x cent

Also
100y + x - 5 = 2(100x + y)
Expanding this out and rearranging, we find:
98y = 199x + 5

or 199x ≡ -5 (mod 98)
or 98*2*x + 3x ≡ -5 (mod 98)
3x ≡ -5 ≡ 93 (mod 98)
this quickly leads to x = 31

Solution:

The equation can be solved by substituting
B = 7
A = 8
S = 8
E = 3
L = 5

Therefore the equation now looks as:
7483 +
7455
-------
14938
-------