Solution:

The police officer knows the story was not true since Vasco was shot from back and he was injured only in the stomach.

Solution:

First fill the 8 liters jug complete - 4, 8, 0
Fill the 5 liters jug with 8 liters jug - 4, 3, 5
Pour back the beer from 5 liters jug to 12 liters jug - 9, 3, 0
Pour the 3 liters from 8 liters jug to 5 liters jug - 9, 0, 3
Fill the 8 liters jug completely from 12 liters jug - 1, 8, 3
Fill the 5 liters jug from the 8 liters jug - 1, 6, 5
Pour the entire 5 liters jug back in 12 liters jug - 6, 6, 0

You have successfully split the beer into two equal parts.

Solution:

One Minute building

building 62 => Sixty second building => One minute building

Solution:

Anybody will prefer the shop in the eastern market for sure. There are two reasons for it:
Firstly, since there are only two barbers in the town, the one running the shop in eastern market must have gotten his hair done by the one running the shop in the northern market and vice versa. Thus, if the barber in the eastern market has a shabby haircut, it must be due to the incompatibility.
Secondly, the neat and clean shop can be due to the scarcity of customers as well. While the untidy place refers to the fact that so many customers get their hair done in that shop.

Thus any one will opt for the barber shop in the eastern market.

Solution:

For this answer is 3^0, 3^1, 3^2... That is 1,3,9,27,81,243 and 729.

Solution:

Can be found on the pic below.

Solution:

7, 4, 6, 5, 8

Solution:

Sam : 2
Dean : 5
Castiel : 7

Age diff
7 - 2 = '5' is prime
7 - 5 = '2' is prime
5 - 2 = '3' is prime

Solution:

The woman told him to take out one nut each from the rest of the wheels and use them.

Solution:

The attached picture shows you how you can do it. If you were able to deduce any other way, feel free to comment.

Solution:

They were playing tennis.

Tiger Phil
30 - 30
40 - 30 (Phil hit a bad shot)
Game won - 30 (Tiger hit an awesome shot)