Solution:

See the picture for the answer. Don't worry if you have a different answer; this question can be solved with different numbers. However, do post your answer in the comments.

Solution:

Rashid's son-1: 1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81
Rashid's son-2: 2 12 22 32 42 52 62 72 73
Rashid's son-3: 3 13 23 33 43 53 63 64 74
Rashid's son-4: 4 14 24 34 44 54 55 65 75
Rashid's son-5: 5 15 25 35 45 46 56 66 76
Rashid's son-6: 6 16 26 36 37 47 57 67 77
Rashid's son-7: 7 17 27 28 38 48 58 58 78
Rashid's son-8: 8 18 19 29 39 49 59 69 79
Rashid's son-9: 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Solution:

Nightmare.

Explanation:
(K)night + mare (A mare is the female of a horse)

Solution:

It can be done in 8 moves as shown in the animated image below.

Solution:

The brain teaser can be solved as shown in the image below.

Solution:

+ 9 6 2 3 3
+ 6 2 5 1 3
===========
1 5 8 7 4 6

Solution:

118119

Explanation:
Number are generated as below
1 2
3 4
1 x 4 + 2 = 6 , 2 x 3 + 1 = 7 => 67

3 4
5 6
3 x 6 + 4 = 22, 4 x 5 + 3 = 23 = 2223

5 6
7 8
5 x 8 + 6 = 46, 6 x 7 + 5 = 47 = 4647

7 8
9 10
7 x 10 + 8 , 8 x 9 +7 = 7879

Based on above pattern, desired number will be calculated as :
9 10
11 12
9 x 12 + 10 = 118, 10 x 11 + 9 = 119 = 118119

Solution:

The code is 645
Explanation :
A) From Clues 1st and 2nd we know that one 9 is not in the code
B) From Clue 2nd we know that 9 3 and 8 are part of code
C) From Clue 3rd we know that 4 and 6 are part of code
D) From Clue 5th we know that 1 and 2 are not part of the code as we know 6 is part of the code and just 1 of 3 numbers is part of code.
E) From Clue 4th we know that 5 is also in the code as 8 and 1 are not part of code.

So the code is: 645

Solution:

They are all anagrams of time-related words.

1. CHARM: MARCH
2. DYNAMO: MONDAY
3. YAM: MAY
4. REAY: YEAR
5. EAR: ERA
6. ONE: EON
7. TOADY: TODAY

Solution:

73

Explanation:
It's a very famous puzzle known as "Josephus Problem Puzzle". It can be solved in various ways but the trick to solve this problem is illustrated below.

Binay number of 100 is: 1100100
complement pf 100 is 0011011, whose decimal equivalent is 27.
The desired answer will be 100 - 27 = 73