Solution:

10 Bulbs

For this tricky puzzle, you must check how many light bulbs in the row are having an odd number of factors. The first one surely has odd number of factors, the second has even, four has odd. Thus the bulb four and one will remain lit. The bulbs that are going to remain lit are perfect squares as they have an odd number of factors - 1, 4, 9, 16.

Since there are 100 passes, you can go up to 10 times 10 i.e. the square of 10. There are 10 perfect squares available to you - one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine and ten. They corresponds to the bulb number 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81 and 100. All of them will remain lit and thus total ten bulbs will remain lit after 100 passes.

Solution:

Let A be the feet and B be the inches of length I asked for

Converting feet into inches,
We can say that I asked for (12*A + B) inches

According to the question
My wife interchanged the feet and inches
Which means that I got B feet and A inches of length
Or (12*B + A) inches of length

Now as per the details given in the question

(5/8) * (12*A+B) = (12*B + A)

A = (91/52) B

Now B is the variable for inches thus it must be something between 1 and 12 only and A must be a whole number.

In such case, putting B as 4 is the only possible way that it can stand true.

Thus A = (91/52) 4
Or A = 7.

Thus I asked for 7 feet and 4 inches of Ribbon and my wife brought me 4 feet and 7 inches instead.

Solution:

The first two digits are fixed.
You are left with eight digits (since one digit can be used just once).
Also you have only 4 more digits left to frame a phone number.

Thus the possibilities = 8P4 = 1680.

Solution:

THURSDAY

Explanation:
The first two alphabets are interchanged.
For the next three alphabets, the succeeding alphabet is written.
And then the last three alphabets are reversed.

Solution:

nineteen

Explanation:
worstcase (7purple+11yellow+1blue)

Solution:

Keep one coin from the first set and place it on the scale along with the two from the second set etc. If the weight is off by one hundredth of an ounce, then you will know that it is the first set that is faulty and if the weight is off by two hundred of an ounce, then the second set is faulty and so on.

Solution:

Let the age of the daughter five years ago be x. Then Katie's age will be 5x.

Present age
Daughter = x + 5
Katie = 5x + 5

After 5 years
Daughter's age = x + 10
Katie's age = 5x + 5 + 5 = 5x + 10

Now consider the question again. We know that five years from present, Katie's age will be 8 less than three times the corresponding age of her daughter. Thus if we add eight to the Katie's age, five years from now and make her daughter's age 3 times more, we can easily find out x.

5x + 10 + 8 = 3(x + 10)
5x + 18 = 3x + 30
5x - 3x = 30 - 18
2x = 12
x = 12 / 2
x = 6

Katie's Present age is 5x + 5
=> 5(6) + 5
= 30 + 5
= 35 Years

Her daughter's Present age is x + 5
=> 6 + 5
= 11 Years

Solution:

Original are of the rectangle = l*b where l= length and b = breadth
After the sides are increased by 100%, the area will increase by
= (((2l*2b)-(a*b))*100) / (a*b) = 300%

Solution:

This is quite a tricky puzzle and quite hard to deduce at first impression.

What you have to do is write the number in English
For the first case, 1 and 2 produce 9
1 = One
2= Two
There are three characters in both one and two
3x3 = 9

Similarly for the second case, 3 and 4 produce 20
3 = Three
4 = Four
Three has 5 characters and four has 4 characters
5x4 = 20

Now for the question, seventeen has 9 characters and twelve has 6 characters, thus the missing number is the product of 9 and 6 which is 54.

Solution:

Let x be the length of the room
Then according to the question, width will be x/2

As per the question
{(x*x/2)-(x-6) (x/2-6)}=108
9x =144
x=16

Thus the length of the room is 16.