Solution:

1611

Explanation:
The number on the right side is formed as (sum of digits of the 1st number)(number1/number2)
example,
24 $ 6 = 64 (2+4 = 6) (24/6 = 4)
35 $ 5 = 87 (3+5=8) (35/5 = 7)
63 $ 7 = 99 (6+3 =9) (63/7 =9)

Simillarly,
88 $ 8 = (8+8 = 16) (88/8 = 11)

Solution:

The bridge won't break.

When the car has travelled half of the bridge, that is 15km, the car must have used more than 300 grams of fuel. Therefore, the impact of bird's added weight will be zero literally.

Solution:

Daughter.

Solution:

31

Explanation:
Ramanujan lighting the candles in binary.
11110 =30
11111 =31

Solution:

Treasure Map Is Hidden Inside The Hanging Room Floor.

Explanation.
Just reverse the text "roolF mooR gnignaH ehT edisnI neddiH sI paM erusaerT".

Solution:

They use the bricks and dirt from the tunnel to stand on it.

Solution:

There are two things to keep in mind:
Firstly there is at least one red hat. (There can be two or three as well).
Secondly the competition is fair for everyone.

Thus if there is only one red hat, that person will see two green hats on other heads and will be able to deduce his own color as red. However the other students will see one red and one green hat and can never be sure. In such manner, the competition will prove to be partial for one student.

Suppose if there are two red hats. Then the students who are wearing red hats will see one red and one green hat on others. Now they must have deduced that there can’t be just one red hat. Thus they will know that they are also wearing a red hat. But the one who is wearing a green hat will see two red hats and can never be sure of his own color. In this case as well, the competition will not be fair.

Thus the only possible and fair means is if all of them are wearing a red hat. The one who is able to deduce the situation first, will raise his hand and will tell the correct answer.

Solution:

It will take the man 58 minutes to reach the top.

Since he is climbing 3 feet and falling 2 feet back every passing minute, he is actually climbing 1 feet every minute.
Therefore, he would have climbed 57 feet in 57 minutes. The remaining distance is 3 feet. He will take one more minute to climb it and reach the surface. Since he has reached the top surface, he won't slip back.

Solution:

Since the door is not visible in this picture, the bus is moving in the left direction.

Solution:

I spoke with Joe.

Explanation:
There can be only two cases. Either Zoe is a liar or Joe is a liar.

First Case
Let us assume that Zoe is a liar and Joe is a truthful person.
If I asked the question from Joe, the answer will be yes. If I asked the question from Zoe, the answer will be no. Thus in this case, I must have asked from Joe.

Second Case
Let us assume that Zoe is a truthful and Joe is a liar.
If I asked the question from Joe, the answer will be yes. If I asked the question from Zoe, the answer will be no. Thus in this case as well, I must have asked from Joe only.

Solution:

Step 5 is invalid, because we are dividing by (x-y), and since x=y, we are thus dividing by 0. This is an invalid mathematical operation (division by 0), and so by not following basic mathematical rules