Solution:

For(4) + a + change(delta/change symbol)
= For a change

Solution:

Step 5 is invalid, because we are dividing by (x-y), and since x=y, we are thus dividing by 0. This is an invalid mathematical operation (division by 0), and so by not following basic mathematical rules

Solution:

Both will rotate at Same speed.

Explanation:
Gears of the same size will always rotate at constant speeds despite any smaller or larger gears in between them.

Solution:

The probability of two numbers being relatively prime is 60%. Thus if you keep playing the bet, you will hypothetically make 20 cents on every play.

Thus, you should accept the bet.

Solution:

Yes, you should switch the envelope. In the beginning when you picked up the envelope, you had a 1/3 probability of finding an offer letter in the envelope. There was 2/3 chance that the letter was there in the two envelopes on the table.

If you keep your selected envelope, you still have a 1/3 chance of finding an offer letter in that. However, since the interviewer has removed one empty envelope from the table, if you switch, you have a probability of 2/3 that the offer letter is inside that.

Solution:

111111111

Explanation:
It's a maths magical square root series as :
Square root of number 121 is 11
Square root of number 12321 is 111
Square root of number 1234321 is 1111
Square root of number 123454321 is 11111
Square root of number 12345654321 is 111111
Square root of number 1234567654321 is 1111111
Square root of number 123456787654321 is 11111111
Square root of number 12345678987654321 is 111111111 (answer)

Solution:

The equation can be solved by substituting
B = 7
A = 8
S = 8
E = 3
L = 5

Therefore the equation now looks as:
7483 +
7455
-------
14938
-------

Solution:

This puzzle has no answer if you are considering this figure in a 2d domain. However if you follow it on a three-dimensional plane, you can do it like shown in the figure given.

Solution:

To do it, the marbles must be arranged as the vertices of an octahedron. If you are unsure, check the image below.

Solution:

4

No Of circles in the number.

Solution:

31

Explanation:
Ramanujan lighting the candles in binary.
11110 =30
11111 =31